Farming People and Practices
Agriculture has been very important to the Stowupland’s economy. See Stowupland Farms. Until the mid 20th century most local men earned their living from the land, as agricultural labourers, horsemen or dairymen. Even though village people spent their lives toiling in other peoples’ fields they still needed to grow their own crops to feed their family. Their garden might be large enough for some vegetable crops for the family pot but those with chickens or a pig to fatten might rent an allotment.
The 1840 tithe apportionment gives us valuable clues as to former and contemporary usage of the land in Stowupland. It tells us where ponds were situated, where orchards grew and which areas had been used for pasture. All of which would have been invaluable for Stowupland’s biodiversity. Of course even by the early 19th century many of the field names only represent earlier land use but it gives us clues to the landscape and earlier crop growing. Hop Yard Meadow (tm 391) hasn’t been used for hop growing for many years but the field name is a useful indicator of lost farming practices.
In 1912 Stowupland’s chief crops were wheat, barley, beans, sugar beet and clover. Hops had previously been grown but American cheap imports made growing this as a crop unsustainable. At the time of the outbreak of WW1 only 20% of wheat was home grown and 40% of meat was imported.
The 1869 PO Directory lists the main crops as barley, beans, wheat, clover and hops.
Horses and Horsemen played a major role in the 19th and early 20th century economy.
Rusty (John Wade), worked with the horses on Gipping Farm and Stowupland Hall. Read more about the horseman with the gift of second sight.
By the early 20th century horse power was supplemented by steam. In the village T. Lambert’s occupation was a Steam Thresher, with a certificate. After the first static engines came moving traction engines.
By the mid 20th century as Traction Engines were supplanted by Tractors, steam engines were no longer used to work the land but became objects for people to enjoy at country fetes.
This photo shows ladies working in a field on Brames farm in 1917 {Newspaper Archives, Stowmarket Weekly Post, 2nd August 1917). It is not known whether this was Walnut Tree Farm or Pooles Farm.
Fruit growing has been an important crop for the Stowupland economy. Local maps show that we have always had many orchards and in the first half of the 20th century apple growing was an important crop (See also Davy’s farm).
In the 1960’s the press reported on the Do-It-Yourself directors of Mid-Suffolk Growers Ltd. They had built their own cold-storage unit in Mill Street, to provide ‘cold-storage for 250 tons of fruit grown in the Stowmarket district. There were 17 members growing apples on 235 acres, pears on 27 acres, and plums on 2 1/2 acres. By 1966 they had a thriving direct sales business even exporting to West Africa.
Hops and flax.
Neither hops nor flax are grown commercially in Stowupland today. We are grateful for research by Ena Carter and Neil Langridge which reveals the importance of hop growing to Suffolk, but we know very little about the production or cultivation of hemp. Ena Carter tells us that there was a ‘retting pit to the East of Saxham Street’.
The 1869 PO Directory tells us that Francis Webb was a hop, corn, seed and coal merchant, in Stowupland Street.
A contributer to Telstar 378 (August 2024) recalled his experiences of Stowupland farming in the mid 20th century that have been lost. As a teenager he would walk through fields of cereal crops removing wild oats, watched local ladies picking Brussel sprouts and helped out with ploughing.
This photo shows Lenny Wade in September 1966 on an International B275 tractor towing a Massey Ferguson 701 baler and bale sledge. He is bailing straw on Little Reeds which is now part of the playing fields by the Village Hall. (Thanks to a local farmer Roger Carter for this information).
See Green Farm
Unfortunately at the time of writting few details are known about these photos, other than a comment on the back ‘reunited with Allis 55 years on still with hoes fitted underneath’
Some mid -20th century harvesting techniques.
Farming techniques being employed by Land Army Girls in the 1940s. During the Second World War Columbine Hall had a training hostel for Land Army girls.
Poultry Dealers
Kellys 1912 &16 -Oliver Miller
Kellys 1912 – Jessie Baker
– James Colthorpe
Kellys 1904 – George Wilden was a beer retailer, & poultry dealer on Thorney Green
Kellys 1904 – Geo Kerry on Thorney Green.
1885 (Whites): George Wilden poulterer
1879 (PO directory): Wiliam Colthorpe, poulterer
Edward Palmer beer retailer & poulterer on Thorney Green.
Cattle dealer
1885 (Whites): Robert Wickes, on Thorney Green.
In 1907 a press cutting about various aspects of Stowupland, also tells us about the livestock on some farms, see Green Farm and Oak Tree Farm, not sure which farm is being referred to as Carters in 1907.
The Environment and Biodiversity
1978 there was concern over the spread of Dutch Elm Disease.
Fertilisers. 19th century.
In 1804 these properties were advertised for sale being occupied by William Wells, William Kaley and William Robinson.
What is of interest is the statement that a Pot-Ash is erected on the premises. William Well’s occupation was a pot-ash burner and Ena Carter had wondered if these properties might have something to do with todays’ Water Works Cottages?
See also Pests, diseases and treatments
